hertzberg



3 Sheets- Sheet 1 Attorney.

I l w@ I l I R.HERTZBBRG.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Mar. Z3, 1897.Y

(No Model.)

| IIII :l:ll I'III d( @I g T I,

(No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 2.4

R. HBRTZBERG. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 579,433. Patented Mar. 23, 1897.

A INVENTORJ WITNESSl-SI i M @2f/da @./M

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3l R. HBRTZBBRG. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 579,433. Patented Mar. Z3, 1897.l

INVENTORI WITNESSES:

vlhvTTnn dTaTns FnTnNT @Trina RAFAL IIERTZBERG, OF IIELSINGFORS, FINLAND.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 579,433, dated March 23, 189'7'.`

Application iiled March 20,

1895. Serial No. 542,456- (No model.) Patented in Finland March 30, 1894, No. 503.

To all whom it' may concern.

Be it known that I, RAFAL Hnnrznnne, a subject of the Grand Duke of Finland, and a resident of I'Ielsingfors, in the Archduchy of Finland, have i ented certain new and useful Improvements in TypeWVriting Machines, (for which a patent has been granted to me in Finland, No. 503, dated March 30, 18%,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a type-writing machine which is adapted for printing characters of the ordinary kind and also those used by the blind. The two kinds of characters may be Written simultaneously, or the machine may be set or constructed so as to produce either.

The invention will be fully described hereinafter' and its novel features carefully defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan of an embodiment of the machine as adapted for writing with both kinds of characters simultaneously. Fig. l is a fragmentary view showing the spring for upholding the type-carrier. Fig. 2 is a section on line 052502 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on line Q03 in Fig. l, the upper part of the machine being omitted. Fig. 3 is a fragmentaryunder side `view of the type-carrier. Fig. at is a plan of the machine as arranged for writing with the ordinary characters only. Fig. 5 is a section on line 505005 of Fig. 4. Fig. o' is a section on line r6 0:6 of Fig. 4c.

I will iirst describe the machine as shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3.

1 is the main frame of the machine, the front of which is seen at the right in Fig. 1. On this frame is mounted a sliding carriage 2, which moves, in printing or writing, from the right to the left of the user, as indicated by the arrow y in Fig. 1 I may say here that this carriage .2 feeds along, letter by letter, in writing, and that it is hinged at the rear side and turns back on its hinge. On the rear side of the carriage is a hinging-sleeve 3,whieh fits and slides on a cylindrical hinging-bar t on the machine-frame. At its front or free edge the carriage 2 has a groove 5, which fits on a bar 6 on theV main frame, and a latch-hook 7, (seen at right in Fig. 2,) which takes under said bar and holds the carriage down in place thereon. The dotted lines in Fig. 2 show the hook 7 disengaged.

On the carriage 2 is mounted a slide-frame consisting of a sleeve 8, mounted to slide on a cylindrical bar 9, fixed in the carriage 2 and extending transversely of the same, and of two plates 8 and 8b, fixed to the sleeve S. These plates are or may be connected by atie SC and a pressure-plate 10. Being hinged at lthe righth'and side of the user on the bar 9,

the free left-hand side of the slidesframe is supported on a crank-bar 11, mounted in the carriage 2, and arranged parallel with the bar 9. This cranlcbar 11 engages or occupies slots or aperturesin the ends of the plates S and Si), as seen in Fig. 3, and is fixed at one end in a lever 12, fulcru med at 12X on the carriage 2, while at the other end (the right in Fg. l) it is bent or cranked and pivoted at l2 in the carriage at a point opposite the fulcrum 12X. On this cranked end of the bar 1l is fixed apressure-plate 13, and under said cranked end is a spring li, (see Fig. 1,) which holds the free side of the slideframe elevated normally. On the said slide-frame isathumbpiece 15, by which said frame may be conveniently moved to and fro, from front to rear, and vice versa, on the bars 9 and 1l.

In the slide-frame and rotatively mounted in the plates 8 and 8b is a cylindrical or polygonal type carrier or roller 16, here shown as octagonal in cross-section. On the four uppermost or index faces of this roller are marked the letters of the alphabet and the other ordinarily-used characters 16X, say thirty-two in number, extending lengthwise of the respective faces on the roller, eight on each face, and adjacent to each such letter or character the corresponding letter or character 10, formed by projecting pins arranged according to the point-alphabet for the blind of Braille system. On the corresponding lower or printing faces of the roller are arranged printing-types 10b, Fig. 3, and pins, each character on the lower faces corresponding to the like character on the opposite upper faces.

On one journal of the roller 16 (see Fig. is a disk 17, having four notches adapted to be put in engagement with a spring-detent 18, whereby when either of the four index- IOO faces of the roller are turned up the detent 18 will fall into a notch in the disk 17 and hold the roller steady in the position set. To prevent the roller from being turned more than half-way round, a pin 19, set in the plate 8f, is made to engage shoulders on the disk 17 and serve as a limiting-stop.

I may say here that the characters of Jthe Braille alphabet will be formed by projecting pins on both the upper index-faces and lower printing-faces of the roller, but the ordinary characters of the alphabet need not be represented by types in relief on the upper faces of the roller. In Fig. 1 I have not deemed it necessary to show the characters 16 and 16 on any but the extreme upper face of the roller 1G, as these will serve to fully explain the arrangement and construction. It will be understood that the printing-types need not have faces so large as the letters 16 in Fig. 1.

Under the roller 1G are iixed in the main frame bars 20 and 21, the former to receive the impression from the ordinary types on the roller 16 and the latter to receive the impression from the pins forming the letters of the alphabet for the blind. This latter bar has in it sockets 21X, arranged in groups of six, according to the fundamental sign in the point-alphabet of Braille. The pins forming the letter on the roller press the paper down into these sockets, thus forming embossed points on the under side of the paper resting on the bar 21. A

The paper holding` and feeding mechanism comprises two shafts 22 and 22X, mounted rotatively in the main frame l. and provided with rubber facings or sleeves 23 to clamp on the sheet of paper passed between them. One of these shafts is provided with a button 24E for rotating it in feeding, and a spring 25 on the frame presses on the boss of this button and serves to hold the shafts steady. Fig. 2 shows how the sheet of paper a passes between the shafts 22 and 22X, over both of the impression-bars 20 and 21, and then under a clearing-bar 26 in the frame. Under the sheet of paper a is a carbon-sheet Z2, which passes over the impression-bar 2O only.

So far as described the operation is as follows: The operator inserts the paper in the manner last described and moves the carriage 2 over to his right as far as it is designed to go. He then moves the slide-frame, carrying the type-roller transversely on the carriage until he brings the proper letter or character thereon opposite an index 27 on the carriage, turning the roller, as required, to bring that face thereof which bears the proper letter uppermost. He may move the slide-plate by grasping the thumb-piece 15 with his thumb and middle finger and rotating the roller into position simultaneously with his index-finger. He then presses the type-roller 16 down upon the paper with his left hand, which is applied to the pressure-plate 10. The letter-feed or movement of the carriage along the main frame is effected by the following-described mechanism: On the arms of the lever 12, opposite to that to which the bar 11 is secured, is mounted an upwardly-projecting spring feed-pawl 2G, which engages teeth 27 in the lower face of a flange 27 on the side plate of the main frame, and when the slide-frame which carries the type-roller is depressed. to effect lthe printing the first part of the movement serves to feed the carriage 2 along through the medium of the cran lr-bar 11, lever 2, and pawl 2G. This movement will be completed before the types touch the paper, and the proper equal spacing for the letters, as well as the steadying of the carriage d urin g the impression, is effected by a spring-detent 28 on the carriage (seen at the left in Fig. l) engaging one of a series of sf-shaped notches 4X in the bar 4. The exact alinement of the types in printing is assured by means of a todtii 29 on the side plate 8, (seen in Fig. 3,) which, as the slideframe descends, engages one of a series of notches 30 in abar 30 in the carriage 2. The notches 30X are flared, so that if the letter on the type-roller be not brought exactly to the index 27 the entry of the tooth 2U into the notch will correct the alinement. A thumbpiece 3X on the sleeve 3 enables the carriage to be lifted and turned about its hinging-point conveniently. The spacing between words may be effected by pressing down the slideframe far enough to cause the carriage to feed along, but not far enough to effect the printing, and the feeding of the paper, after finishing a line, is effected by means of the button 21.

TWhen a blind operator uses the machine, he may apply the thumb of his right hand to the thumb-piece 15 and feel with the ngers of that hand for the properletter on the roller, turning the latter, as required, to bring the proper letter uppermost. He then brings the letter he has found to the index 27 and presses on the pressure-plate 13 with his left hand. To warn him when he has reached nearly the end of the line, the machine has a stop device consisting of a pin 31, Fig. 1,which fits loosely in a hole in the bar 4- and stops the carriage 2 when there is still room left for a few letters-say fiveon the line.

The carriage can be turned fully back, so as to afford room forinserting the paper, and this movement will disengage the feed-pawl 26 from the teeth 27 X, but in order to depress the pawl 26 out of engagement with the teeth 27X, so that the carriage 2 may be moved back, a spring push-pin 32 is employed.

If the machine is to be used for writing only for the blind, the bar 2O may be removed, and no carbon-paper will be required, and if it is to be used for writing only for those who see the bar 2l may be removed. rlhese bars 2O and 21 may be, of course, secured removably in the frame.

As the machine described above is arranged the writing proceeds from right to left, but

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as the printing or writing appears on the under side of the paper the matter will read from left to right when the sheet is turned over.

Figs. 4i, 5, and 6 illustrate an embodiment of the machine adapted for Writing only with ordinary type and not With pins. In this form of the machine the arrangement is such that the Writing proceeds from left to right of the operator, and the letters appear on the upper face of the sheet. In this construction the pawl 26, which feeds the carriage, is reversed in position, and the teeth 27 it engages are formed on the bar at. The pawl 26 in this case is a pin that projects out at right angles from an arm 26X, which has a slot-ted connection with the arm of the lever 12, to which the crank-bar l1 is secured. The other arm of the lever 12 extends out over the sleeve 3 and has on its end a downwardlyprojecting nose 3l, which extends down through an aperture in the sleeve and is adapted to normally engage the teeth 27X. This pawl prevents any movement of the carriage 2 while the roller 16 is being adjusted. IVhen the slide-frame is pressed down to effect the printing, the nose 34 is lifted out of engagement with the teeth, and the pin of the pawl 26 descends between two of the teeth 27 and advances the carriage to the extent of one tooth. In consequence of the slotted connection of the arm 26 with the lever 12 the carriage cannot move backward during the pressing down of the slide-frame- The roller 16 in this construction is represented as cylindrical and as provided with a milled plate or partial disk 35, whereby said roller may be conveniently turned with the finger. The roller of the first-described machine might also have such a milled plate.

It is designed in using this machine to ink the types on the roller with color-pads in lieu of using a ribbon or carbon-paper. To this end I arrange under the roller 16 two such pads 3G, which are alined and extend lengthwise of the roller and abut at t-he impression bar or plate 20. I prefer in this forni ofthe machine to bring the teeth on the bar 30 up to a point. In the machine for use by the blind it is best to have them blunt, as in Fig. 3, in order that the operator may be unable to depress the slide-frame unless he brings the letter on the roller up into pretty accurate register with the index 27. A scale 37 on the main frame, Fig. 5, serves to assist the operator in setting the carriage for starting the line or for indenting. The pin 3l is arranged at the end of the machine at the right hand of the operator. Otherwise than as above described the operation of this form of the machine is the same as that iirst described.

I may explain here that the object in providing the long shafts 22 and 22X of the feed mechanism with sleeves 23, of rubber or like soft material, at their ends only is that these sleeves may grasp the sheet ct only at its margins, and thus leave the embossings made by the pins intact. I may also say that while I prefer to consider the side of the machine at the right in Fig. 1 as the front this is really only a matter of personal choice. rl`he letters 16 on the type carrier 16 may be turned about so as to read properly from either side of the machine.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, I claim- 1. A type-writing machine, having a recessed support 2l for the sheet, means for feeding the sheet, an index, and a vertically movable and shiftable type-carrier arranged over the sheet-support, said type-carrier being provided on its lower vhalf with types adapted to enter the recesses in the support 21 and emboss characters on the sheet, and said carrier also provided on its upper half With characters corresponding to those for embossing, these characters on the upper half of the carrier serving as guides for adj Listing the type-carrier in printing, substantially as set forth.

2. A type-writing machine, having a support for the sheet, means for feeding the sheet, an index, and a rotatable type-carrier mounted on end journals, said carrier being also vertically movable and provided on its lower half with types for forming letters or characters on the sheet by pressure, and on its upper half with characters which serve as guides for adjusting the `type-carrier, substantially as set forth.

3. In a type-Writingmachine, the combination with the main frame, having the ratchetteeth 27X, the sliding carriage mounted on said frame, and the slide-frame hinged on the bar 9 in the carriage, of the crank-bar 11, mounted in the carriage and engaging the free end of the slide-frame, the lever 12, fulcrumed on the carriage, and the spring, feed-pawl, 26, carried by said lever and engaging the teeth 27X, one end of the crank-rod 11 being fixed to said lever 12, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 1

4. A type-writing machine, having a support 20. and recessed support 21, for the sheet, means for feeding the sheet, and a vertically movable and shiftable type-carrier arranged over said sheet-supports, said typeecarrierbeing provided with types 16h, and adjacent to these, types formed of pins arranged so as to form the corresponding characters of the alphabet for the blind, whereby the two characters may be printed simultaneously on the sheet, one in color, for those Who see, and one embossed for the blind, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

RAFAEL IIERTZBERG.

`Witnesses:

J oHN SVANLJUNG, WILEs PorPINs.

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